Germany under Bismarck :: essays research papers

Germany under von BismarckThe Historical DebateThe view of Bismarck over the years has changed and it is the historical debate surrounding our perception of him and his intentions that lots shapes our rendition of the German unification. No 19th century figure has attracted the anxiety and controversy that surround the achievement of Otto von Bismarck, with the exception perhaps of Napoleon Bonaparte. The victor of Bismarcks work in unifying Germany has shifted from a fatalist to a dialectic approach.Early historiography had portrayed him as a archetype statesman, leading Germany to her rightful destiny. However, dissent from this thesis was at first from non-German historians who re-interpreted by and by events to conclude that there were more sinister implications to the work of the Iron chancellor, making him a more Machiavellian and immoral politician.Later historians, subsequently the Second World War adopted a teleological interpretation of Bismarck accusing him of le ading the way for the disastrous era of national socialism by crippling the development of democratic institutions in Germany, he hardened the country open to time to come dictatorships however, some historians have argued that Bismarck could not be held for all future developments. They cite his semi-feudal brand of conservatism, arguing that along with his religion and his limited Pan-German view, these factors all distanced him greatly from the principles of Nazism.Recent developments have tended to playact away from the study of Grand Policy, to diminish the role play by great men such as Bismarck, but to line the wider context in which they operated.Themes and Problems of 19th century EuropeThe collapse of the Napoleonic empire in 1814-15 brought the statesmen of Europe to provide for he political future of France and those territories conquered by France. In addition they had to reestablish the balance of power tatterdemalion by the Napoleonic campaigns, and to ensure agai nst any similar disruption. France was forced to induce a restoration of the Bourbon dynasty, and a large war indemnity and an phalanx of occupation was imposed. The justifications were manifold however, few do come to mind. Firstly, the Allies seek to prevent future French expansion by the creation of a cordon of relatively strong states around her borders. To this end, a new United commonwealth of the Netherlands was created, consisting of the old Dutch Republic and the Austrian Netherlands (now Belgium). Secondly, this cordon was backed and supported by a loose confederation of 38 states known as the German confederation which was established to compensate for the collapse of the old Holy romish Empire which would ensure that a mass of small German states would be less easy prey for a future expansionist power.