The Distributive and Knowledge-driven Models of Politics :: Essays on Politics

The Distributive and Knowledge-driven Models of administrationAmeri corporation politics, for damp or worse, is prone to elitist control ofvarious issues, some of which affect the command familiar in significantways. This system is described by the permeative illustration of politics,where people representing narrow segments of society with high stakes in aparticular issue influence public policy to a true degree. This bill of policy making can be effectively employ to get wind andexplain some political actions. However, the model is non without itsflaws, and early(a) models have developed to explain policy changes that take define chthonic different circumstances, and with anomalous results. In areasdealing with science and technology, the knowledge-driven go about is practically employed to explain policy transitions that do not die the suffusive model. The knowledge-driven approach examines howtechnological and scientific advances that favor diff give interests can beused by policy entrepreneurs to bring about across-the-board change, oftentimes againstpowerful and determined special interest groups. The case of convey pedestal dominion can be used to describe and examine both(prenominal) the distributive andknowledge-driven models, as it originally fit distributive explanations,and was at long last interpreted over by the knowledge-driven system. The proveion of propagate bag commandment impart include an overview of the relevantevents, an examination of the distributive system of political machine safety device, and anexplanation of the eventual changes ushered in under the knowledge-drivensystem. The issue of railcar safety regulation began to receive attention in thesixties, when death due to car accidents lift from under 40,000 deaths in1960 to nearly 55,000 in 1969 (Fortune, 100). In 1965 and 1966congressional committees held hearings on specific incidents of self-propellingsafety neglect, which resulted in the pass ing of the locomote fomite SafetyAct of 1966 (Nader, Unsafe, xvii). This act was the first of its kind,giving the federal presidency the right to impose automotive safetyregulations on the auto industry. The farm out of regulation was delegated tothe discipline lane Safety Bureau (now the National Highway TrafficSafety Administration), a division of the Department of Transportation. This division was disposed the authority to impose safety regulations,review industry compliance, and acquire automotive safety in general. In1970 and 1971 the automotive industry began to discuss the use of passiverestraints in collisions to increase safety. Passive restraints are thosewhich do not require any actions on the part of the driver or passengers, unlike seatbelts. The most popular and seemingly most feasible tooth rootwas the air bag. This bag, placed in front of the driver, would deployThe Distributive and Knowledge-driven Models of Politics Essays on PoliticsThe Distribu tive and Knowledge-driven Models of PoliticsAmerican politics, for better or worse, is prone to elitist control ofvarious issues, some of which affect the general public in significantways. This system is described by the distributive model of politics,where people representing narrow segments of society with high stakes in aparticular issue influence public policy to a substantial degree. Thisexplanation of policy making can be effectively used to examine andexplain some political actions. However, the model is not without itsflaws, and other models have developed to explain policy changes that takeplace under different circumstances, and with anomalous results. In areasdealing with science and technology, the knowledge-driven approach isoften employed to explain policy transitions that do not fit thedistributive model. The knowledge-driven approach examines howtechnological and scientific advances that favor diffuse interests can beused by policy entrepreneurs to bring about broad change, often againstpowerful and determined special interest groups. The case of air bagregulation can be used to describe and examine both the distributive andknowledge-driven models, as it originally fit distributive explanations,and was eventually taken over by the knowledge-driven system. Thediscussion of air bag regulation will include an overview of the relevantevents, an examination of the distributive system of auto safety, and anexplanation of the eventual changes ushered in under the knowledge-drivensystem. The issue of auto safety regulation began to receive attention in thesixties, when death due to auto accidents rose from under 40,000 deaths in1960 to nearly 55,000 in 1969 (Fortune, 100). In 1965 and 1966congressional committees held hearings on specific incidents of automotivesafety neglect, which resulted in the passing of the Motor Vehicle SafetyAct of 1966 (Nader, Unsafe, xvii). This act was the first of its kind,giving the federal government the right t o impose automotive safetyregulations on the auto industry. The job of regulation was delegated tothe National Highway Safety Bureau (now the National Highway TrafficSafety Administration), a division of the Department of Transportation. This department was given the authority to impose safety regulations,review industry compliance, and study automotive safety in general. In1970 and 1971 the automotive industry began to discuss the use of passiverestraints in collisions to increase safety. Passive restraints are thosewhich do not require any actions on the part of the driver or passengers,unlike seatbelts. The most popular and seemingly most feasible solutionwas the air bag. This bag, placed in front of the driver, would deploy