American Utopias

Utopia is a perfect place, for some it is an attempt to corroborate heaven here on earth. For Sir Thomas Mores Utopia, it is a fictional island in the Atlantic Ocean with a perfect social, legitimate and political system. Several utopian ideas arose in the history of mankind, they may close to differ from each other, but they be alike(p) in the fret to create a perfect order.In the Statesn History, the communal movement in the sixteenth century to seventeenth century, and the similar attempt to evince the utopian America of the sixties to 1970s, was both a response to the social ills brought more or less by the development of capitalism and commercialism. While the communal movement of the 16th century can trace its roots from Europe, the utopian movement of the 1960s was homegrown with the relatively young members of the population surviveing the way. Both, however, have the similar vision of establishing a perfect community of harmony and brotherly love.While Utopian lo ok intos in Europe were made as far back as the early 16th century, much(prenominal) as the Paris Commune or the Fouriesrist Phalanxes, it was only in America that the Europeans were successful in their attempt to comprise their New Jeruzalem characterized with idealism, zeal and moral fervor (Mizrach). Early Christian communists in Europe, propelled by the belief that America was a place free guile, lying and corruption, had decided to withdraw from the perceived sinful and corrupt manhood to establish advanced communities.Most of these communities saw themselves as islands of redemption in a world of temptation, sin and avarice (Mizrach). This belief in America as the new world where further proliferated by the famous literary writers of that time such as Thomas More in his Utopia and Francis Bacon in New Atlantis that suggested America was heir to the traditions of the first civilization, Atlantis, and a new philosophic continent at bottom whose outlines lay modernity and freedom (Mizrach). The most interesting of these communities were founded in the 17th and early 18th centuries.Included here are those known as the charr in the Wilderness founded by German Pietist in 1694, The Ireneia founded by Moravians in 1695, the Bohemia Manor founded by the Labadists in 1683, the Ephrata Cloister founded by Sabbatarians in 1732, Bethlehem founded by Anabaptists in 1740 and the Mount Lebanon founded by the Skaers in 1787 (Mizrach). All of these communities share the uncouth feature of being founded by sects who at that time were considered as heretical by the Lutheran or the Calvinist Protestant Churches of Germany and Central Europe.Most of these likewise were located or founded around Pennsylvania which was Wiliam Penns Quaker experiment of toleration. Another feature of this communities were most of the members are European migrants who followed a charismatic founder. The Utopian American of the 60s and 70s flourished in about the same time when indust rialization was in full swing. Soon after the World warfare II, the American economy prospered but it left many young mickle face estranged and isolated.While the older generation who grew up during the Great low gear was focused on material accumulation, the young citizenry felt thither was something missing in their lives (Meunier 1994). The dissatisfaction with capitalism grew and many young adults expressed this finished their rejection of materialism and renewed interest in spirituality (Meunier 1994). Aside from this, the technical advances of this period made young people feel detached from their milieu.The same advances that produced the atomic bomb and the television made the people feel that they are not in control or beyond understanding their environment (Meunier 1994). The political situation of this period also added to the propagation of the communal movement. The Vietnam warfare was not favored by majority of the American people and stock-still it dragged on. Aside from this, the Watergate scandal, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King further lead to the disillusionment of young people.It was a combination of all this political, social and sparing factors that brought the young people from Haight-Ashbury movement of visionary psychedelia and politically defiant college students unitedly to flee to rural utopian communes in attempt to escape the introduction and take control of their own physical, cultural and spiritual environment (Meunier 1994). cognize to some as the flower people or the hippies, the people who lived in communes in the 1960s were often stereotype as those who skillful free love and drug experimentation.The primary purpose of communal alimentation in the late 1960s and early 1970s was to create a company where person to person relations is the core of existence, promoting greater knowledge and fuller human development (Meunier 1994). It rejects the established order of capitalism of battle and production and turns to unity and cooperative work. People living in communes pussycat their resources and work together and the emphasis is no longer placed on competing for material goods but instead on friendship and family (Meunier 1994).The communes formed during the 1960s and 1970s were mostly in rural areas where people want to go along to the land. Agriculture made them self-sufficient and growing of food gave them a feeling of connection with each other and with the land. The search for a perfect society for both movements who happens to be centuries apart is are founded on similar assumptions of bringing change from the unrest and alienation that human beings felt as the society develops.Perhaps the utopian ideal will not cease as serviceman have the intrinsic need to commune, and that even the modern man sought for solace, peace and brotherhood. BIBLIOGRAPHY Meunier, Rachel. Communal Living in the Late 60s and Early 70s. humans Issues Project. 17 Dece mber 1994. <http//www. thefarm. org/lifestyle/cmnl. hypertext mark-up language> Mizrach, Steve. The Symbolic Invention of America-as-Utopia. Academentia Website. <http//www. fiu. edu/mizrachs/utopo-amer. html>